Types of Lymphoma
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
- B Lymphocytes (B Cells) These cells make antibodies to fight infections. Most NHL is caused by B cells.
- T Lymphocytes (T Cells) T cells have several roles, including helping B cells make antibodies and fighting viruses.
They typically develop in the lymph nodes and lymphatic tissue but can sometimes affect bone marrow and blood. Some NHLs are slow-growing, while others can be aggressive. Your treatment options will depend on the type of NHL you have and how advanced it is.
- Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) This is the most common type of lymphoma, accounting for about 1 in 3 lymphomas. It’s often aggressive but responds well to treatment. DLBCL mostly impacts older adults, though there are several subtypes, including primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma, which primarily affects young women.
- Follicular Lymphoma This accounts for about 1 in 5 lymphomas in the United States. These NHLs are typically slow-growing, although some can be aggressive. This type of lymphoma is rare in younger people and is difficult to cure, though patients often live for many years with it. Some follicular lymphomas can turn into fast-growing DLBCL.
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) and Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma (SLL) These are closely related, often slow-growing diseases. Many people with CLL and SLL live long lives. The main difference between the two conditions is that when the cancer cells are found primarily in the lymph nodes, doctors call it SLL. If the cancer cells are found mostly in the bloodstream and bone marrow, it is diagnosed as CLL. It is most common in older adults.
- Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) MCL is much more prevalent in men than in women. It’s also more likely to affect older people and is challenging to treat. This type accounts for about 5 percent of lymphomas.
Some rarer types of NHL include:
- Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas
- Cutaneous B-cell lymphomas
- Primary central nervous system lymphoma
- Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia
- Burkitt lymphoma
Hodgkin Lymphoma
This form of lymphoma can spread from one lymph node to another.
Hodgkin lymphoma is most common in people in their early twenties and those over age 55, but it can affect adults and children of any age.
There are two main types of Hodgkin lymphoma: Classical and nodular.
- Nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma
- Mixed cellularity Hodgkin lymphoma
- Lymphocyte-rich Hodgkin lymphoma
- Lymphocyte-depleted Hodgkin lymphoma.
Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma This rare type of Hodgkin lymphoma leads to abnormally large cells that look like popcorn. It usually starts in the lymph nodes of the neck and underarms.
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